January 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study was to perform a short-term evaluation of the effects of a probiotic, associated with the use of antibiotics as an adjuvant treatment of periodontitis in smokers. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients were randomly divided into: PRO group (n = 17), patients received a single session of scaling and root planing (SRP) associated with the systemic administration of Lactobacillus reuteri tablets; ANT+PRO group (n=17), patients received a single session of SRP followed by the systemic administration of Amoxicillin and Metronidazole 3x/day for 7 days and administration of Lactobacillus reuteri seven days after conclusion of antibiotic therapy. Clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated. Results: After treatment, both groups showed a reduction in BOP, PI, and residual pockets compared to baseline, while in the ANT+PRO group there was a significant reduction in PD and CAL gain (p<0.05). A significant reduction in the number of pockets with PD>5mm was observed in the ANT+PRO group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both adjuvant treatments reduced the residual pockets and controlled inflammation after treatment. Only the association of antibiotic with probiotic therapy was able to efficiently reduce mean PD, the number of pockets with PD >5 mm, and promote additional CAL gains in a short-term evaluation period.