October 2022
Relationship between gingival crevicular trappin-2 and gingipain levels in periodontal health and disease - An observational report
Abstract
Background: Trappin-2 is a potent serine protease inhibitor produced locally by the epithelial and immune cells. It counters proteases like gingipain. This interaction in the crevicular environment is still unexplored. Thus, this novel study aims to investigate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of gingipain and trappin-2 in periodontal health and disease. Methods: GCF was collected from 60 systemically healthy non-smoking individuals. Periodontal parameters were recorded, and they were grouped as periodontally healthy group (n=20), gingivitis group (n=20), and periodontitis stage II grade A group (n=20). Gingipain activity was assessed by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and trappin-2 was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The GCF trappin-2 level is significantly higher in periodontal health, in comparison to gingivitis and periodontitis group (P<0.01). Conversely, the gingipain level is low in health and higher in the periodontitis group (P<0.01). Correlation analysis shows an inverse relationship between crevicular gingipain and trappin-2 levels in periodontitis individuals (r = - 0.49; P<0.027). Conclusion: GCF Trappin-2 levels negatively correlates with gingipain in patients with periodontitis stage II grade A. The interplay between these could also help us to differentiate between gingival health, gingivitis, and early periodontitis.
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