Periodontitis and orthodontic tooth movement association with cigarette smoking: histologic and inflammatory response
Authors:
Victória Clara da Silva Lima, Camila Lopes Ferreira, Camilla Magnoni Moretto Nunes, Daniela Vicensotto Bernardo, Milton Santamaria Jr, Mauro Pedrine Santamaria, Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to evaluate linear bone loss (LBL) and connective tissue attachment loss (CTAL) in animals suffering from ligature-induced periodontitis (P), either associated with orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and cigarette smoking or not. Material and methods: Fifty-six maleWistar rats were allocated into two groups in smoking and non-smoking conditions. Each group has been subdivided into the following: control (C), OTM, P, and P+OTM (POTM). Periodontitis has been induced in the animals’ lower first molar by cotton ligature, and a 4 mm closed stainless steel spring was used for OTM. Animals have been exposed to the smoke of 10 cigarettes for 8 minutes, 3 times a day for 60 days before P and OTM induction, and LBL and CTAL were evaluated in the alveolar crest region of their lower first molar. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between smoking and non-smoking groups. The POTM subgroup showed higher levels of LBL and CTAL in both groups. Conclusion: Ligature-induced periodontitis associated with orthodontic tooth movement caused greater linear bone loss and connective tissue attachment loss in animals, whether being exposed to cigarette smoke inhalation or not.
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